Let me summarize some of the observations I have made with my recent focus on proteins and their role in the success of evolution. Consider the following:

1. The entire Tree of a Life is a protein-dependent output. Evidence for evolutionary processes is evidence for a protein-dependent phenomenon. This calls into question any attempt to extrapolate evidence of this protein-dependent phenomenon to protein-less evolution.

2. Proteins are amazingly diverse building material, capable of performing an immense array of functions. We know of no other building material that is as versatile.

3. The immense versatility of proteins is coupled to a single manufacturing process known as translation. When you couple this with point #2, this speaks of an astounding elegance.

4. There is very little-to-no evidence to support the notion that protein-less evolution would be as successful as protein-dependent evolution.

5. Since designers are limited by their building material; evolution (as designer-mimic) is likewise limited by its building material. This consideration reinforces the importance of taking a closer look at evolution’s dependence on protein activity.